Yuqori sinf o‘quvchilarida tanqidiy fikrlash ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirishning muammo va imkoniyatlari
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20815122Ключевые слова:
tanqidiy fikrlash, umumiy o‘rta ta’lim, pedagogika, amaliy tilshunoslik, nazariy tahlil, ta’lim innovatsiyasi, refleksiv ta’lim.Аннотация
Yuqori sinf o‘quvchilarida tanqidiy fikrlash ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirish zamonaviy ta’lim tizimining ustuvor
yo‘nalishlaridan biriga aylanib bormoqda. Bunga ijtimoiy, texnologik va axborot muhitining tobora murakkablashib borayotgani
sabab bo‘lmoqda. Pedagogik nazariyada tanqidiy fikrlash masalasiga keng e’tibor qaratilgan bo‘lsa-da, ushbu tushunchaga
oid ko‘plab konseptual noaniqliklar hamda metodologik ziddiyatlar hanuzgacha to‘liq hal etilmagan. Mazkur
maqolaning maqsadi umumiy o‘rta ta’lim tizimida tanqidiy fikrlash ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirish bilan bog‘liq muammolar
va imkoniyatlarni nazariy jihatdan tahlil qilishdan iborat. Tadqiqot pedagogika va amaliy tilshunoslik sohalaridagi ilmiy
adabiyotlarni nazariy tahlil qilish, qiyoslash, sintez hamda tizimli-strukturaviy yondashuv asosida amalga oshirildi. Tadqiqotda
empirik metodlardan foydalanilmadi. Maqolada tanqidiy fikrlashga oid asosiy nazariy yondashuvlar tizimlashtirildi,
uni maktab ta’limiga tatbiq etishdagi pedagogik to‘siqlar aniqlandi hamda tanqidiy fikrlashni ta’lim jarayoniga integratsiya
qilishning
konseptual modeli taklif etildi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, tanqidiy fikrlashni samarali rivojlantirish uchun
an’anaviy o‘qituvchi-markazlashgan ta’lim shaklini dialogik, refleksiv va izlanishga asoslangan o‘qitish modellari bilan
almashtirish zarur. Shuningdek, maqolada til kompetensiyasi, metakognitiv ong va ta’lim muhiti o‘quvchilarning tanqidiy
fikrlashini shakllantirishda muhim omillar sifatida talqin qilinadi. Tadqiqotning nazariy xulosalari o‘quv dasturlarini modernizatsiya
qilish hamda kelgusidagi pedagogik tadqiqotlar uchun muhim ilmiy asos bo‘lib xizmat qilishi mumkin.
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